Valorisation biotechnologique des co-produits de crevette : utilisation de la proteolyse enzymatique pour des applications avicoles à Madagascar

Marine by-products represent valuable biological resources able to generate molecules with biological and nutritional interests. The objective of the present study is to investigate nutritional potentials of hydrolysates from fished and farmed shrimp heads from Madagascar. Thus, 4 enzymes operational at extreme pH conditions were screened : Pepsin, Novozym 37020, Protex 6L and Delvolase. Pepsine was the most efficient enzyme conducing to the production of small-sized peptides with molecular weight inferior to 1 000 Da and the amelioration of amino acids profile, promoting the nutritional quality. Then, peptic hydrolysis was optimized by using different pH conditions and different enzyme inactivations. Introduction of resulting hydrolysates into traditional malagasy poultry feeding ameliorated the production, with weight gains 2,3 times higher. Some hydrolysates presented also growth inhibition activity again fishes pathogenic and food microorganisms. Two hours peptic hydrolysis at maintained pH seemed to be the most efficient condition in the 2 fields studied. It was also the most effective for chitin extraction by producing the poorest mineral and protein containing exoskeleton resides. Those results suggest the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of shrimp heads from Madagascar to ameliorate their nutritional quality, while allowing partially chitin extraction.