Contamination de moules (Mytilus sp.) en milieu marin par des substances pharmaceutiques et produits de soin

Pharmaceutical and personal care products used for human health protection are detected in all aquatic ecosystems. Among them, some compounds have physico-chemical or pharmacological caracteristics that suggest a bioaccumulation capability. It’s the case of the UV filters, EHMC and OC, with log Kow higher than 5 or pharmaceuticals like diazepam and tetrazepam, with log Kow higher than 2.82. The aim of these Phd works was to assess marine mussels contamination for UV filters and benzodiazepines. So, a new analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of these compounds in mussels. EHMC and OC analysis realized in mussels sampled in french coastal waters showed that mainly contamination came from recreational activities in summer season, and that semi-closed areas were more contaminated. Moreover, laboratory experiments showed that mussels had clearly not bioaccumulate these 2 UV filters. Contamination levels in mussels are controlled by water concentrations. Conversely, benzodiazepines were not detected in coastal mussels. However, laboratory experiments showed an accumulation of benzodiazepines in mussels, suggesting elimination and metabolization means. Mussels are nevertheless usefull bioindicators of marine contamination by emerging compounds, allowing to characterize higher risk areas or periods.