Opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) on the risks to human health associated with the proliferation of Ostreopsis spp. on the Basque coast

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Identifiant documentaire 8-5211102
Identifiant OAI 5211102
Auteur(s): Lemée Rodolphe,Humbert Jean‐françois,Abadie Éric,Amzil Zouher,Berdalet Elisa,Biré Ronel,Dechraoui Bottein Marie-Yasmine,de Haro Luc,Delcourt Nicolas,Fessard Valérie,Jaeg Jean‐philippe,Mattei César,Oppliger Anne,Pavaux Anne‐sophie,Ternon Eva,Bornert Gilles,Togola Anne,Baron Jean,Boudenne Jean Luc,Cimetiere Nicolas,Coulomb Bruno,Dagot Christophe,Denooz Sabine,Dublineau Isabelle,Feder Frédéric,Fournier Matthieu,Garnaud-Corbel Stéphane,Garrec Nathalie,Gasperi Johnny,Gonçalvès Julio,Gonzalez Jean-Louis,Horner Olivier,Joyeux Michel,Labanowski Jérôme,Lardy-Fontan Sophie,Lucas Françoise,Mechouk Christophe,Moulin Laurent,Mouly Damien,Petit Fabienne,Quiblier Catherine,Rousseau-Gueutin Pauline,Sauvant-Rochat Marie-Pierre,Tremblay Michèle,Le Bizec Bruno,Scippo Marie-Louise,Badot Pierre‐Marie,Chekri Rachida,Demeilliers Christine,Desvignes Virginie,Engel Erwan,Eppe Gautier,Ficheux Anne‐sophie,Houdeau Eric,Lance Emilie,Laprévote Olivier,Laurentie Michel,Le Hégarat Ludovic,Leblanc Jean-Charles,Loiseau Nicolas,Makowski David,Mancini Francesca,Marchioni Eric,Masfaraud Jean‐françois,Munier Mathilde,Oswald Isabelle,Platel Anne,Sivry Yann,Vasseur Paule,Checlair-Westerberg Estelle,Arnich Nathalie,Ney Eléonore,Catastini Carole,Loiseau Nicolas
Mots clés Bathing water Seawater Shellfish Marine biotoxins Emerging toxins Dinoflagellates Ostreopsis
Date de publication 25/06/2025
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In France, the presence of marine microalgae of the genus Ostreopsis has been identified repeatedly on the Mediterranean coast for several years, whereas on the French Basque coasts its presence is much more recent. In the summers of 2021 and 2022, major Ostreopsis flowering episodes were reported on the Basque coast, resulting in several hundred cases of intoxication among holidaymakers and residents. The main route of human exposure is inhalation of aerosols, although it is not yet known whether the agents responsible for poisoning are Ostreopsis cells, cell debris, known toxins produced by Ostreopsis, or other as yet unidentified compounds. Other routes of exposure (dermal contact, eye contact, ingestion of contaminated water or seafood) are also possible. Poisoning is manifested through various signs and symptoms, occurring within 48 hours of exposure (Neurosensory and neurological, respiratory, dermal and digestive). This document presents the opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), established from the work of its WATER and ERCA Expert Committees. ANSES received a request from the Directorate General for Health (DGS) and the Directorate General for Food (DGAL) to update knowledge about Ostreopsis that had been reported in the Agency's opinions from 2007 and 2008 (ANSES, 2007 and 2008), and draw up specific recommendations for managing Ostreopsis proliferation on the Basque coast. The literature review conducted as part of this expert appraisal revealed that knowledge about the genus Ostreopsis (diversity, biology, ecology, toxins produced) is still too fragmentary to characterise the hazard and risk to human health. Nevertheless to help local authorities affected by Ostreopsis blooms, Agency proposes a surveillance and quality monitoring strategy based on collaboration between site managers and the regional health agencies (ARSs), applicable to sites currently subject to bathing water quality monitoring and water sports sites that meet the conditions below.
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