Modelisation analytique et caracterisation experimentale du comportement de cables synthetiques

Cables are in general structural elements with the ability to support the axial load and the relatively light tautness of torsion and flexion. There are, in the literature, several studies concerning metallic cables, and references characteristic of synthetic cables that interest us. And yet the mechanical behaviour of synthetic cables is still poorly understood. These studies include two parts: Development of a mechanical behaviour model of the cable and model validation via tests at scale 1. These cables are characterised by a hierarchical structure, whence the serial use of two scale-transition models in order to pass from the behaviour of fibre to that of cable. The complexity of this geometry points the modelling in the direction of analytical approaches. Considering the architecture of cable, we presented two analytical models to assess the overall elastic behaviour of cable in axial loads: one is a continuous model that is adapted to an assemblage of a large number of twisted parts, while the second is meant for geometries with a central core and 6 identical helical constituent elements (called structure 1+6). The complete model of the cable then involves the use of these two models, at various scales, and the results from one model can be used as entry data for the higher scale. The tests that we performed made it possible to calculate the experimental values of the models' parts for various scales. The results obtained on the tautness in traction are encouraging, because, considering the uncertainties, the results of the model are in agreement with the experimental results, which seem to validate the hypotheses imposed on the models.